Leia o texto a seguir:
Texto 1 - para as questões de
What is Sustainable
Development?
Environmental,
economic and social well-being for today and tomorrow
Sustainable
development has been defined in many ways, but the most frequently quoted
definition is from Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland
Report:
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs. It contains within it two key concepts:
·
the concept of needs, in particular
the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be
given; and
·
the idea of
limitations imposed
by the state of technology and social organization on the environment's ability
to meet present and future needs."
All
definitions of sustainable development require that we see the world as a
system - a system that connects space; and a system that connects time.
When
you think of the world as a system over space, you grow to understand that air
pollution from North America affects air quality in Asia, and that pesticides
sprayed in
And
when you think of the world as a system over time, you start to realize that
the decisions our grandparents made about how to farm the land continue to
affect agricultural practice today; and the economic policies we endorse today
will have an impact on urban poverty when our children are adults.
We
also understand that quality of life is a system, too. It's good to be
physically healthy, but what if you are poor and don't have access to
education? It's good to have a secure income, but what if the air in your part
of the world is unclean? And it's good to have freedom of religious expression,
but what if you can't feed your family?
The
concept of sustainable development is rooted in this sort of systems thinking.
It helps us understand ourselves and our world. The problems we face are complex
and serious - and we can't address them in the same way we created them. But we
can address them.
It's
that basic optimism that motivates IISD's staff, associates and board to
innovate for a healthy and meaningful future for this planet and its inhabitants.
Adaptado de: http://www.iisd.org/sd/.
Acesso em: 4 nov. 2012.
QUESTION 1
According to the text, we can say that the
definition of sustainable development gathers two main ideas:
A) economy and poverty
B) present generations and future generations
C) environment and technology
D) needs and limitations
QUESTION 2
According to the text, definitions of
sustainable development ask us to think the world as
A) a system
B) a global community
C) a well-being place
D) a meaningful future
QUESTION 3
In the fragment “The concept of sustainable
development is rooted in this sort
of systems thinking”, the marked word could be replaced, without meaning
changes, by
A) following
B) next
C) kind
D) quoted
QUESTION 4
In the fragment “Sustainable development is
development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key concepts,” the marked
word refers to
A) sustainable development
B) needs of the present
C) ability of future generations
D) key concepts
QUESTION 5
The best translation for “It's good
to have a secure income, but what if the air in your part of the world is
unclean?”, is
A) É bom ter um seguro de renda, mas e se o
ar em sua parte do mundo não for limpo?
B) É bom ter um seguro de renda, mas e se seu
ar for impuro no mundo?
C) É bom ter uma renda segura, mas o que faz
o ar na sua região ser impuro?
D) É bom ter um rendimento seguro, mas e se o
ar no lugar onde você for impuro?
Texto 2 - para as questões de
Our
Common Future, from One Earth to One World
2.
Fortunately, this new reality coincides with more positive developments new to
this century. We can move information and goods faster around the globe than
ever before; we can produce more food and more goods with less investment of
resources; our technology and science gives us at least, the potential to look
deeper into and better understand natural systems. From space, we can see and
study the Earth as an organism whose health depends on the health of all its
parts. We have the power to reconcile human affairs with natural laws and to
thrive in the process. In this our cultural and spiritual heritages can
reinforce our economic interests and survival imperatives.
3.
This Commission believes that people can build a future that is more
prosperous, more just, and more secure. Our report, Our Common Future,
is not a prediction of ever increasing environmental decay, poverty, and
hardship in an ever more polluted world among ever decreasing resources. We see
instead the possibility for a new era of economic growth, one that must be
based on policies that sustain and expand the environmental resource base. And
we believe such growth to be absolutely essential to relieve the great poverty
that is deepening in much of the developing world.
4.
But the Commission's hope for the future is conditional on decisive political
action now to begin managing environmental resources to ensure both sustainable
human progress and human survival. We are not forecasting a future; we are
serving a notice - an urgent notice based on the latest and best scientific
evidence - that the time has come to take the decisions needed to secure the
resources to sustain this and coming generations. We do not offer a detailed
blueprint for action, but instead a pathway by which the peoples of the world
may enlarge their spheres of cooperation.
Adaptado de: http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-ov.htm.
Acesso em: 4 nov. 2012.
QUESTION 6
After reading the text we can affirm that
A) the world’s real situation is now out of
control and humanity has nothing to do to control it.
B) the vision we have of world, from space,
has affected us more than the Copernican revolution.
C) we are changing planetary systems because
we must recognize and manage it.
D) the 20th century is more advanced in technology
than the 16th century.
QUESTION 7
According to the text, the report Our Common Future stands that
A) sustainable development is an affair for
future generations, who will be much more capable to rebuild the world we gave
them.
B) technology has to be stopped right away
from harming the world’s decreasing resources.
C) technology and sustainable development are
so different, as once technology has already damaged a lot the world.
D) technology and sustainable development are
not actors to play apart one from each other.
QUESTION 8
In the options bellow, the verbs listed lead us
to think of past events, except the option
A) gave - understood - had - depended
B) reinforced - believed - was - managed
C) saw - dominated - are accompained - must
be recognized
D) needed - secured - enlarged - took
QUESTION 9
The option in which the translation to the
expressions does not fit is
A) pattern of clouds = blocos de nuvens
B) oceans = oceanos
C) greenery = vegetação
D) and soils = e sois
QUESTION 10
The best translation for “We do not offer a
detailed blueprint for action, but instead a pathway by which the peoples of
the world may enlarge their spheres of cooperation.” is
A) Nós não oferecemos um plano de ação
detalhado, mas ao contrário um desvio pelo qual os povos do mundo poderão
alargar suas esferas de cooperação.
B) Nós não oferecemos um plano de ação
detalhado, mas sim um caminho pelo qual os povos do mundo possam ampliar suas
esferas de cooperação.
C) Nós não oferecemos um detalhado cartão
azul de ação, mas um caminho pelo qual os povos do mundo podem ampliar suas
esferas de cooperação.
D) Nós não oferecemos um detalhado plano de
ação, nem mesmo um caminho pelo qual os povos do mundo podem ampliar suas
esferas de cooperação.
Answers:
1 - D; 2 - A; 3 - C; 4 - A; 5 - D6
- B; 7 - D; 8 - C; 9 - D; 10 - B.
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