Leia o texto a seguir:
Texto 1 - para as questões de
Dawn
of a thirsty century
The amount of water in the world is limited. The human race, and the other
species which share the planet, cannot expect an infinite supply.
Water covers about two-thirds of the
Earth's surface, admittedly. But most is too salty for use.
Only 2.5% of the world's water is
not salty, and two-thirds of that is locked up in the icecaps and glaciers.
Of what is left, about 20% is in
remote areas, and much of the rest arrives at the wrong time and place, as
monsoons and floods.
Humans have available less than
0.08% of all the Earth's water. Yet over the next two decades our use is
estimated to increase by about 40%.
Water shortages set to grow
In 1999 the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP) reported that 200 scientists in 50 countries had
identified water shortage as one of the two most worrying problems for the new
millennium (the other was global warming).
We use about 70% of the water we
have in agriculture. But the World Water Council believes that by 2020 we shall
need 17% more water than is available if we are to feed the world.
So if we go on as we are, millions
more will go to bed hungry and thirsty each night than do so already.
Today, one person in five across the
world has no access to safe drinking water, and one in two lacks safe
sanitation.
Today, and every day, more than
30,000 children die before reaching their fifth birthdays, killed either by
hunger or by easily-preventable diseases.
And adequate safe water is key to
good health and a proper diet. In China, for example, it takes 1,000 tonnes of
water to produce one tonne of wheat.
Adaptado
de: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/755497.stm.
Acesso
em: 20 dez. 2010.
QUESTION 1
According to the text, we can say that
A) humans can use 70% of all water in the planet.
B) humans can use less than 0.08% of all water in the planet.
C) humans can safe water because we will need
more 40% of it by 2020.
D) humans can use 20% of water that is left by
monsoons and floods.
E) humans can safe water because only 2.5% of
the world's water is not salty.
QUESTION 2
The World Water Council suggests that by 2020
A) we will save 17% more water than is
available, in case to feed the world.
B) we will share 17% more water than is
available, in case to feed the world.
C) we will have 17% more water than is
available, in case to feed the world.
D) we will sell 17% more water than is
available, in case to feed the world.
E) we will demand 17% more water than is
available, in case to feed the world.
QUESTION 3
The expression “two-thirds” could be replaced
by
A) 2 to 3
B) 2 - 3
C) 2 or 3
D) 2/3
E) 2,3
QUESTION 4
The word left in the expression “Of what is left [..]” is the past
participle of the verb
A) to leave
B) to leap
C) to lease
D) to lead
E) to live
QUESTION 5
The best translation for “So if we
go on as we are, millions more will go to bed hungry and thirsty each night
than do so already”, is
A) Se continuarmos indo como somos, milhões
irão para a cama com fome e com sede cada noite mais do que os que já vão.
B) Só se continuarmos indo como estamos, milhões
irão para a cama com fome e com sede cada noite mais do que os que já vão.
C) Então se continuarmos como estamos,
milhões irão para a cama com fome e com sede cada noite mais do que os que já
vão.
D) Então se seguirmos indo como estamos, milhões
irão para a cama famigerados e sedentos cada noite mais do que os que já vão.
E) Se então continuarmos como estamos,
milhões morrerão de fome e de sede cada noite mais do que os que já morrem.
Texto 2 - para as questões de
What is
Potable Water?
Potable water is water which is fit for consumption by humans and
other animals. It is also called drinking water,
in a reference to its intended use. Water
may be naturally potable, as is the case
with pristine springs, or it may need to be treated in order to be safe. In
either instance, the safety of water is
assessed with tests which look for potentially harmful contaminants.
The issue of access to potable water
is very important. In developed countries, people may not put a great deal of
thought into the source of their water. In
many First World nations, citizens can turn on a tap for fresh, potable water
which may also be enriched with things like fluoride for health. In developing
countries, however, and especially in Africa, a large proportion of the population
does not have access to safe water.
Water which is
not safe to drink can carry diseases and heavy metals. People who consume this
water will become ill, and there is a risk of death. Unfortunately, even in
areas where the water is known to be unsafe, people may drink it anyway, out of
desperation. The lack of potable water is often accompanied by other lapses in
sanitation, such as open sewers and limited garbage collection. Many of these
public health issues impact the poor more than anyone else.
Adaptado de: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-potable-water.htm.
Acesso em: 20 dez. 2010.
QUESTION 6
After reading the text we can affirm that
A) in First World nations they drink water with
heavy metals.
B) saltwater must be treated to be safe.
C) there are two ways to get drinking water:
naturally and by treatment.
D) in developing countries there are no
pristine springs.
E) only fluoride gets the water safe to drink.
QUESTION 7
According to the text, the relation between
diseases and unsafe water
A) is solved by adding heavy metals to the
water.
B) is a problem of First World nations.
C) is solved by adding fluoride to water.
D) does not affect Africa.
E) is mostly seen in poor countries.
QUESTION 8
The word “lack” in the excerpt “The lack of
potable water [...]” can be best understood as
A) deficiency
B) amount
C) ground
D) spring
E) fountain
QUESTION 9
The first paragraph says that
A) there are some animals that don’t drink
potable water.
B) pristine spring water and treated water are
submitted to tests anyway.
C) pristine water must be treated to be
drinking water.
D) only natural water is considered to be
potable.
E) only pristine spring water is considered to
be potable.
QUESTION 10
The best translation for “People
who consume this water will become ill, and there is a risk of death.” is
A) As pessoas que compram esta água vão ficar doentes, e com risco de morte.
B) As pessoas que bebem desta água vão se tornar enfermas, até morrer.
C) O povo que beber desta água adoecerá, e terá risco de morte.
D) As pessoas que consomem esta água adoecerão, e há risco de morte.
E) O povo que comprar esta água vai ficar doente, até morrer.
Texto 3 - para as questões de
Towards a way to improve the situation
"There is a water crisis today.
But the crisis is not about having too little water to satisfy our needs. It is
a crisis of managing water so badly that billions of people - and the
environment - suffer badly." World Water Vision Report
With the current state of affairs,
correcting measures still can be taken to avoid the crisis to be worsening.
There is an increasing awareness that our freshwater resources are limited and
need to be protected both in terms of quantity and quality. This water
challenge affects not only the water community, but also decision-makers and
every human being. "Water is everybody's business" was one of the
key messages of the 2nd World Water Forum.
Saving water resources
Whatever the use of freshwater
(agriculture, industry, domestic use), huge saving of water and improving of
water management is possible. Almost everywhere, water is wasted, and as long
as people are not facing water scarcity, they believe access to water is an
obvious and natural thing. With urbanization and changes in lifestyle, water
consumption is bound to increase. However, changes in food habits, for example,
may reduce the problem, knowing that growing 1kg of potatoes requires only
Improving transboundary
cooperation
As far as transboundary conflicts
are concerned, regional economic development and cultural preservation can all
be strengthened by states cooperating of water. Instead of a trend towards war,
water management can be viewed as a trend towards cooperation and peace. Many
initiatives are launched to avoid crises. Institutional commitments
like in the Senegal River are created. In 2001, Unesco and Green Cross
International have joined forces in response to the growing threat of conflicts
linked to water. They launched the joint From Potential Conflicts to
Co-Operation Potential programme to promote peace in the use of
transboundary watercourses by addressing conflicts and fostering co-operation
among states and stakeholders.
Adaptado
de: http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/index.php?id=25.
Acesso
em: 20 dez. 2010.
QUESTION 11
According to the first paragraph we can
understand that
A) it is up to everybody to do something to
avoid a strong water crisis.
B) the decision-makers are the only ones who
might do something about water crisis.
C) there is no time to take any correcting
measures about water crisis.
D) the water crisis is a result of everybody’s
business.
E) the World Water Forum is sending messages to
whom wants so fight against water crisis.
QUESTION 12
According to the second paragraph, even though our
extensive use of water (agriculture, industry, domestic),
A) the scarcity of water has already arrived to
its limits.
B) we should start growing more potatoes than
beef.
C) the urbanization doesn’t allow us to change
our lifestyle.
D) there are still habits we can change to
better the situation.
E) people are not facing water scarcity because
they don’t believe in water crisis.
QUESTION 13
According to the text, it is correct to affirm
that
A) it is the big institutions’ responsibility
to manage the water crisis.
B) it is impossible to do anything now, because
the water crisis wont stop.
C) the best initiative to reduce water crisis
is to improve water management.
D) Unesco and Green Cross International are the
main managers of water crisis.
E) Senegal River is an example of water
scarcity.
QUESTION 14
After reading the sentence “With urbanization
and changes in lifestyle, water consumption is bound to increase.”, the word “bound” can be replaced,
without changing of meaning, by
A) ought
B) possible
C) deserved
D) impossible
E) destined
QUESTION 15
Read the sentence: “This water challenge
affects not only the water community, but ______ decision-makers and every
human being.” The only option that DOES NOT fill in the blank properly is
A) including
B) only
C) as well
D) conjointly
E) additionally
Answers:
1 - B; 2 - E; 3 - D; 4 - A; 5 - C; 6 - C; 7 - E; 8 - A; 9 - B; 10 - D; 11 - A; 12 - D; 13 - C; 14 - E; 15 - B.
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